Economics & Civics: 94 interactive topics
Money, markets, business, government, law and citizenship: how societies are organised and run.
About Economics & Civics at secondary level
Economics & Civics on LearnViz SecondaryEdu has 94 interactive topics. Economics and civics topics explain how money, markets, laws and government affect people, so each topic here pairs a clear definition with a model.
Every topic has a clear definition, key points written for secondary school, an animation you can control, and a three-question quiz. Topics are independent, so you can start anywhere.
How to study Economics & Civics with LearnViz
- Start with a topic you already know a little about, then move to one that is new to you.
- Use the animation before you read the key points. Predicting the result first makes the explanation easier to remember.
- Finish each quiz, then review the questions you got wrong. Mark a topic complete once you can explain it in your own words.
- Find one news story that relates to each topic and note which idea it illustrates.
94 topics
1What Is Economics?Economics is the study of how people, businesses and governments…2Scarcity and ChoiceScarcity means resources are limited while wants are unlimited, so…3Opportunity CostOpportunity cost is the value of the next best alternative that you…4Factors of ProductionFactors of production are the resources used to make goods and…5Needs and WantsNeeds are things essential for survival, such as food and shelter,…6Goods and ServicesGoods are physical items that you can touch, while services are…7DemandDemand is the quantity of a good or service that consumers are…8SupplySupply is the quantity of a good or service that producers are…9Market EquilibriumEquilibrium is the price at which the quantity demanded equals the…10Price ElasticityPrice elasticity measures how much the quantity demanded changes…11Competition and MonopolyCompetition is when many firms sell similar goods, while a monopoly…12Types of Economic SystemEconomic systems decide what to produce, how and for whom, and…13Money and Its FunctionsMoney is anything widely accepted for payment, and it acts as a…14Banks and SavingBanks keep people's money safe, pay interest on savings and lend…15Borrowing and CreditBorrowing means taking money to be repaid later, usually with…16BudgetingA budget is a plan that compares income with spending to make sure…17Insurance and RiskInsurance protects people from financial loss by sharing risk…18TaxesTaxes are compulsory payments to the government that fund public…19InflationInflation is a general rise in prices over time, which means money…20UnemploymentUnemployment is when people who want to work cannot find a job, and…21Gross Domestic ProductGDP is the total value of all goods and services produced in a…22Economic GrowthEconomic growth is an increase in a country's output over time,…23Business TypesBusinesses can be sole traders, partnerships or companies, and each…24EntrepreneursAn entrepreneur is a person who starts a business, taking risks to…25Business Costs and RevenueRevenue is the money a business earns from sales, and profit is…26Break-EvenBreak-even is the level of sales at which total revenue equals…27MarketingMarketing is how businesses identify customer needs and promote…28Production and ProductivityProduction is making goods and services, and productivity is how…29Trade and GlobalisationInternational trade is the buying and selling of goods and services…30Exchange RatesAn exchange rate is the price of one currency in terms of another,…31Fair TradeFair trade is a system that ensures farmers and producers in…32Poverty and InequalityPoverty is a lack of resources to meet basic needs, and inequality…33Development and AidDevelopment is the improvement of living standards, and aid is help…34Consumer RightsConsumer rights protect shoppers, ensuring goods are of…35Employment and WorkEmployment is paid work, with rights and duties for employees and…36Careers and Personal FinancePlanning a career involves matching skills and interests to jobs,…37The Circular Flow of IncomeThe circular flow shows how money moves between households and…38Public and Private SectorsThe private sector is made up of businesses owned by individuals,…39Government and DemocracyDemocracy is a system of government where citizens choose their…40Types of GovernmentGovernments can be democracies, monarchies, dictatorships or…41Elections and Voting SystemsElections allow citizens to choose representatives, using systems…42Political PartiesPolitical parties are organised groups with shared beliefs that…43Parliament and LegislatureA parliament is the elected body that makes laws, debates issues…44The Executive: Prime Minister and CabinetThe executive branch carries out the laws, led by the prime…45The Judiciary and CourtsThe judiciary interprets laws and settles disputes through courts,…46Separation of PowersThe separation of powers divides government into legislature,…47The ConstitutionA constitution is the set of basic rules that describes how a…48Rule of LawThe rule of law means that everyone, including leaders, must obey…49Rights and ResponsibilitiesCitizens have rights such as freedom of speech and the right to…50Human Rights LawHuman rights law protects basic freedoms for all people, including…51Criminal and Civil LawCriminal law deals with offences against society and civil law…52The Police and Justice SystemThe police investigate crime, courts decide guilt, and the justice…53Youth JusticeYouth justice deals with offenders under eighteen, focusing on…54Local GovernmentLocal government provides services such as schools, rubbish…55Taxes and Public SpendingGovernments collect taxes and spend them on services such as…56The Welfare StateThe welfare state is a system in which the government protects…57The Media and DemocracyA free press informs citizens, holds the powerful to account and…58Pressure Groups and CampaignsPressure groups try to influence government decisions without…59Active CitizenshipActive citizens take part in their communities by voting,…60Community and IdentityCommunities are groups of people sharing a place or interest, and…61Diversity and EqualityDiversity means differences between people, and equality means…62Discrimination and PrejudicePrejudice is an unfair opinion about a group, and discrimination is…63Freedom of SpeechFreedom of speech is the right to express opinions without…64Media Literacy and Fake NewsMedia literacy is the ability to judge whether information is…65International OrganisationsInternational organisations such as the UN, NATO and the World Bank…66The United Nations and Its AgenciesThe United Nations works for peace and cooperation, and its…67The European Union and Trade BlocsTrade blocs are groups of countries that agree to reduce trade…68Global IssuesGlobal issues like climate change, poverty and conflict affect…69Environmental CitizenshipEnvironmental citizenship means taking responsibility for…70Sustainable Development GoalsThe Sustainable Development Goals are seventeen targets set by the…71Conflict and PeaceConflicts arise from disagreements over land, resources, power or…72Terrorism and SecurityTerrorism is the use of violence to create fear for political aims,…73Refugees and AsylumRefugees are people who flee their country due to war or…74Business EthicsBusiness ethics is about running companies fairly, treating workers…75Social EnterpriseA social enterprise is a business that trades to achieve social or…76Financial CapabilityFinancial capability is the knowledge and skill to manage money…77Pensions and RetirementA pension is a regular income paid in retirement, built up from…78Stocks and SharesA share is a part ownership of a company, and shares can rise or…79Digital Money and Online PaymentsDigital money and online payments let people pay with cards, apps…80Advertising and Consumer ChoicesAdvertising informs consumers and influences choices, so shoppers…81Population and the EconomyPopulation size and age structure affect the economy through the…82Technology and the Future of WorkTechnology like automation and artificial intelligence is changing…83The Gig EconomyThe gig economy is a labour market of short-term, flexible jobs,…84Economic IndicatorsEconomic indicators are statistics such as GDP, unemployment and…85The Role of Central BanksA central bank manages a country's money supply and interest rates…86Recession and BoomAn economy goes through cycles, with booms when output rises…87Government Intervention in MarketsGovernments intervene in markets with taxes, subsidies and price…88ExternalitiesExternalities are the costs or benefits of an activity that fall on…89Public GoodsPublic goods like street lighting and defence benefit everyone and…90Charities and the Voluntary SectorCharities and voluntary groups work for public benefit rather than…91Understanding Statistics in SocietyStatistics such as crime rates, unemployment figures and surveys…92Ethics and Moral ChoicesEthics is about right and wrong, and moral choices involve weighing…93Respect, Tolerance and DialogueRespect and tolerance mean valuing others' views and ways of life,…94Citizenship ProjectsA citizenship project identifies an issue, plans an action, carries…
Economics & Civics: frequently asked questions
How many topics are in Economics & Civics?
Economics & Civics has 94 interactive topics on this site. Each one has its own page, so you can study them in any order.
Is Economics & Civics free to use?
Yes. Every topic, animation and quiz can be used in your browser without creating an account. Your progress is saved only on your own device.
Who is the Economics & Civics content for?
It is written for secondary school students studying Economics & Civics, and for teachers or parents who want a clear visual explanation. It supports your syllabus and your teacher rather than replacing them.
How do I move between topics?
Each topic page has Previous and Next links, a list of related topics, and a search box in the header. You can also filter the list on this page to find a topic by name.